Before you plan your travel to Latvia, there are some things you should know and remember. Travel to Latvia safely and get to know local conditions before the trip.

Total area: 64 589 km²
Population: 2 300 000
Capital: Riga (850 000)
Local time: Winter GMT+2  Summer GMT+3
Official language: Latvian. (Russian and English is common used).
Currency: Since 1st of January 2014 - EURO
Ethnic composition: Latvian 59.03%, Russian 28.29%, others 12.68%
Religion: Predominantly Protestant (Lutheran) with a Roman Catholic minority and a large Russian Orthodox community.
Government: Democratic Republic in which the sovereign power belongs to the people, who are represented by a unicameral parliament (Saeima), with 100 members elected for a four-year period.
Member of: European Union, NATO, World Trade Organization
Boundaries total: 1.368 km
Length of coastline: 531 km
Highest point: Gaizinkalns (311.6 m)
Lowest point: 0 m Baltic Sea
Natural resources: Amber, peat, limestone, hydro energy, arable land
Land use: Agricultural land 28.19% Irrigated land: 200 km ²
Emergency Number: 112

International calling code: 371. Dial 00 for outbound international calls. IDD system is available at all hotels. Telephone cards are available, GSM is in wide operation.
Electricity: 220 Volts/50 Hz. European-style 2-pin plugs are in use.
Banks: Most banks are open 09:00-17:00 Mon-Fri; some are open Sat 09:00-13:00.
Opening Hours: Shops are generally open from around 10:00-19:00 Mon-Fri and 11:00-16:00 Sat. Some department stores and supermarkets stay open seven days a week.
Geography: Latvia lies between Estonia in the north, Russia and Belarus in the east, the Baltic Sea in the west and Lithuania in the south. East of the coastal plain the land is hilly with thousands of lakes and rivers. Forests cover nearly half the country.
Weather: Latvia enjoys a temperate climate, with the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Riga bringing plenty of rain, snow and wind. Average temperatures range from +18 C (July is the hottest month) to -6.5 C in winter.
International calling code: 371. Dial 00 for outbound international calls. IDD system is available at all hotels. Telephone cards are available, GSM is in wide operation.
Flag: The maroon-white-maroon flag of Latvia is one of the oldest in the world and dates back to 13th century. According to one legend, it originated from a white sheet used to carry a mortally wounded Latvian tribal chief from the battlefield. Soaked with his blood on two sides, his soldiers hoisted the warrior’s sheet as a banner as it led them to victory.
Coat of arms: Latvia’s national coat of arms was established as a symbol of independent statehood after the proclamation of an independent Latvian Republic in 1918. The sun is a central symbol in Latvian culture, particularly in songs, poetry and art, and here symbolizes Latvian national statehood. The three stars above the coat of arms represent the three historical districts. The western Latvian regions are represented by a red lion, eastern regions are represented by a silver griffin.  This mythological winged creature with an eagle’s head first appeared in 1566 when this part of Latvia came under Polish-Lithuanian control.
National anthem: “Dievs, svētī Latviju!” (“God bless Latvia!”) was officially proclaimed Latvia’s national anthem in 1920. It was written by Karlis Baumanis in the second half of the 19th century, at a time when the Latvian people were beginning to openly display strong national sentiments. In fact, it was the first song to use the word ‘Latvia’ in a lyric. The song was first performed in 1873 at the First Latvian Song Celebration in Riga.

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